One- and multi-diode PV module models: PSO-based parameter extraction and performance evaluation under conventional and low-concentration photovoltaic conditions

Olfa Bel Hadj Brahim Kechiche; Mahmoud HAMOUDA; Aissa CHOUDER

doi:10.32397/tesea.vol7.n1.931

Authors

Olfa Bel Hadj Brahim Kechiche Higher School of Science and Technology of Hammam Sousse, Laboratory of Energy and Materials (LR11ES34), University of Sousse, Rue Abbassi Lamine, 4011 Hammam Sousse, Tunisia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1015-2369
Mahmoud Hamouda National Engineering School of Sousse, LATIS - Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, University of Sousse, 4023 Sousse, Tunisia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-1819
Aissa Chouder Department of Electronics, Laboratory LGE, University Mohamed Boudiaf of M’sila, 28000 M’sila, Algeria https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9653-053X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32397/tesea.vol7.n1.931

Keywords:

Photovoltaic models, Low-concentration photovoltaic (LCPV), Parameters estimation, Fill factor, Efficiency

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of diode-based photovoltaic (PV) modules models by analyzing their effectiveness in predicting the electric behviour under conventional solar irradiation and low-concentration photovoltaic (LCPV) conditions. The parameters of one-diode (1-DM), two-diode (2-DM), three-diode (3-DM) and four-diode models (4-DM) are first extracted using the particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) and validated through a comparative analysis with experimental measurements carried out on a PV module (ISOFOTON 106 W-12 V) in real-world temperature and irradiation conditions of 27.2°C and 755 W/m², respectively. The findings reveal that the 4-DM exhibits the minimum deviation from experimental data in predicting key performance metrics such as short-circuit current (I_sc), open-circuit voltage (V_oc), and maximum output power (P_m). However, this increased accuracy comes at the cost of higher computational complexity in optimizing the 4-DM’s parameters. The studies carried out under several low-concentration photovoltaic conditions show clearly the limitation of the 1-DM in terms of predicted (P_m), efficiency, and fill factor (FF). Indeed, the gaps in the obtained values of efficiency and FF with respect to the 4-DM increase with the concentration ratio and reach 0.74% and 0.04, respectively, at 3 suns. The performances obtained with the 2-DM and 3-DM remain stable and close to those of the 4-DM with constant gaps in the obtained values of efficiency and FF, remaining close to 0.1% and 0.01, respectively, regardless of the concentration ratio. The insights gained from this work underscore the significance of selecting an appropriate PV model for LCPV systems, balancing accuracy and computational efficiency.

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