Economía & Región

El desempeño fiscal de Mompox a fines del período colonial, 1761 – 1807

2024-08-27T16:14:57+00:00

En este documento se analizan los ingresos de la Caja Real de Mompox, el principal puerto fluvial del Caribe neogranadino, entre 1761 y 1807, usando fuentes provenientes del Archivo General de Indias. Los resultados indican que esta fue la quinta caja con mayor importancia económica en todo el Virreinato de Nueva Granada. El desglose por fuentes de ingreso muestra una actividad económica local impulsada por la presencia de una población con buenos ingresos, así como un crecido flujo de viajeros y personas que llegaban a comerciar allí. En el Caribe neogranadino solo Cartagena tenía mayor importancia demográfica y económica.

Inversión en educación y resultados en pruebas estandarizadas: El desempeño en las pruebas Saber 11 de los estudiantes del Caribe colombiano

2024-10-03T18:37:48+00:00

This study analyzes the evolution of investment in education, its sources, and its uses across the 196 municipalities of the Colombian Caribbean from 2014 to 2021, including capital cities. Using spatial analysis of the data, we identify clusters based on students' results in the Saber 11 tests, investment spending on education, the municipality's category, and multidimensional poverty levels. The findings indicate that, between 2014 and 2018, the overall scores of municipalities in the region on the Saber 11 tests decreased and. Additionally, we observed a positive spatial autocorrelation between investment in educational quality and multidimensional poverty in the Colombian Caribbean region. Finally, the spatial autoregression model revealed that the fiscal category of the municipality does not account for the results obtained in the Saber 11 tests. In contrast, poverty—measured by the multidimensional poverty index—exhibits an inverse relationship with students' scores on the Saber 11 test: as multidimensional poverty increases, overall scores decrease.

Descentralización y pobreza: Un análisis para la región Caribe colombiana

2024-10-03T18:52:04+00:00

This study explores the relationship between fiscal decentralization and poverty at the spatial level in Colombian municipalities. We use data on both material and non-material deprivation (Multidimensional Poverty Index) and examine the dependence on transfer resources across 1,101 municipalities in Colombia in 2005 and 2018. For this purpose, we use the bivariate Moran's index for analysis. The findings reveal a distinct positive spatial clustering, highlighting the proximity between municipalities with high poverty levels and strong dependence on transfers. This clustering has intensified in recent years, particularly in the peripheral areas of the country, with a notable emphasis on the Colombian Caribbean region. Recommendations focus on strengthening tools to enhance the collection of key municipal taxes (property, and industry and commerce taxes). Additionally, there is a call for increased flexibility in the use of resources received through transfers, considering the fiscal and well-being heterogeneities of the territories.

El contrabando interno de tabaco durante la Independencia y los inicios de la República en la Nueva Granada, 1810 – 1828

2024-10-03T18:58:11+00:00

Within the framework of economic history and judicial history, and based on the consultation of archival documentary sources, the main purpose of this article is to analyze the scope of internal tobacco smuggling during the wars of Independence and the first decade of Republican life in New Granada. For this, the regulatory framework and the actions implemented by the State to combat this practice will be examined in detail. Given the limited resources and the limited logistical capacity of the surveillance structure set up through the guards in the extensive territory of New Granada, the smugglers perfected their methods, and various strategies were used in the effort to evade the actions of control devices and free themselves from all responsibility, even going so far as to opt for bribery and violent reactions. The frequency of this illegal trade reflected an underlying social problem, since several individuals saw the clandestine cultivation and sale of this product as an economic alternative for subsistence during a transition stage in which the ravages of war were evident. There were several inconsistencies in the judicial rulings due to the procedural problems and the gaps in the norm, although the intention was to set penalties that would generate punishment and ensure that the fraudsters corrected their faults.